Fungi is a common kingdom around us. It lives in wet and humid regions and thrive there. The mold that you see in a bread which is left open for a few days are Fungi. So, today we are going to talk about the 3rd Kingdom - Kingdom Fungi.
The study of Fungi is done by Mycologists and was started in 1729 by Italian Botanist - Pier Antonio Micheli. He found that kingdom Fungi has both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
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Now Fungi is a Non-Vascular, Non-Seeded, Non-Flowering, Multicellular Decomposers, Mineralizers of Organic Wastes and Help in Recycling of Matter.
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Now lets talk about the root of Fungi
The filaments in the given diagram are called Hyphae. The continuous tubes filled with multi nucleated cytoplasm are known as Coenocytic Hyphae. And the Hyphae with a cell wall is called the Septate Hyphae. Now these Septate Hyphae have cell walls which are made up of Chitin and Polysaccharides (Long chains of monosaccharides and carbohydrate molecules).
Many Hyphae together are called Mycelium.
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At last we are going to discuss some examples.
Now there are good and bad guys in this kingdom!
The Bad guys:
1) Monilinia fructicola- They cause the Brown root in Peaches.
2) Batrachochytrium denrobatidis- They kill frogs!
3) Pithomyces chartarum- Facial eczema in cattle and sheep.
The Good guys:
1) Penicillium notatum- Penicillin (Antibiotic).
2) Trichoderma polysporum- Cyclosporin (A calcineurin inhibitor- used as an immunosuppressant).
3) Aspergillus species- Involved in the production of Citric Acid.
4) Penicillium roqueforti- Involved in the production of Blue Cheese.
5) Saprophytes fungi- Decomposers.
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~Thank You~
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