GENETICS
The study of Genetics began with an Austrian monk, Gregor Johann Mendel. He experienced with pea plants, he crossbred them like:
- Tall X Short
- Pink-flowered Plants X White-flowered Plants
- Round Seed X Wrinkle Seed
- Yellow Seed X Green Seed
- Green Pods X Wrinkle Pods
He always got Tall, Pink-flowered plants, Round seed, Yellow seed, Green Pods etc.
He found that some certain Traits were stronger than others. The stronger, more likely to appear traits are called Dominant Traits and the other is called Recessive Traits.
Now the traits are stored in a "Code". This code is found in the Chromosomes and these carry the "Code of Life" the DNA.
Read these to know more about Chromosomes and DNA.
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GENES
Genes are certain sections of the DNA. Genes come in pairs. Half from Father and Half from Mother. Now these Genes combine to form a specific trait. All your traits or the combination of Genes are contained in DNA molecule. That's why the DNA is so complex.
There are about 10,000 Genes in each cell.
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MUTATION
Mutations are a change in the Genetic Code, causing an abnormality in the organisms. In this, the Gene combinations in the DNA are set up slightly different which causes the code to change.
Mutation is harmful and causes the young ones to die. However, once in a while, the mutation is helpful. If it is helpful, then the offspring will live and pass the mutation to it's offspring. Then the mutation becomes a part of the offspring's Life Code. This is the basis of evolution.
~Thank You~
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Very well written 👌
ReplyDeleteThank You :)
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